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         article-type="Research Paper"
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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Management and Sustainability Practices</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">IJMSP</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">3139-5449</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Dr. Sonam Maheshwari</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJMSP110002</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Coping with the Invisible Boss: An IPA Study of Technostress and Adaptation among Digital Platform Workers in Oman</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bhaskar</surname>
            <given-names>Priyanka</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bhaskar</surname>
            <given-names>Preeti</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Off Campus Center Bangalore, Karnataka</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">College of Banking and Financial Studies, Muscat, Oman</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-22">
        <month>01</month>
        <day>22</day>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>08</fpage>
      <lpage>11</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>The purpose of this paper is to explore the lived experience of gig workers working under algorithm management- the “Invisible Boss” in Oman
Methodology. This research employs Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), a qualitative approach to explore the lived experience through semi-structured in-depth interviews of gig workers in Oman.The findings revealed three superordinate themes, each comprising multiple subthemes that explains lived experience of gig workers working under algorithm management- the “Invisible Boss” in Oman. The superordinate themes include (1) navigating algorithm oversight, (2) experiencing technostress and (3) coping and adaptation strategies.  The findings of the study will contribute to creating a sustainable digital labour platform, balancing productivity and the well-being of gig workers in Oman. The study is based on a small sample of gig workers, which limits the generalisation of the findings. Future researchers can expand the sample across different platforms and mixed method approach. This research contributes to the gig economy by providing an in-depth understanding of platform workers in Oman. This study uncovers the challenges of algorithm control and develops adaptive coping strategies for the digital environment.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Invisible Boss</kwd>
        <kwd>Algorithm Management</kwd>
        <kwd>Technostress</kwd>
        <kwd>Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>Gig workers</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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